Yahoo – AFP, Jan Hennop and Jo Biddle, August 22, 2016
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Alleged Al-Qaeda-linked Islamist leader Ahmad Al Faqi Al Mahdi pleaded guilty to a single charge of cultural destruction at the International Criminal Court in The Hague on August 22, 2016 (AFP Photo/Patrick Post) |
The Hague
(AFP) - A Malian jihadist pleaded guilty Monday to attacking the fabled city of
Timbuktu and begged forgiveness as the world was shown sickening videos of him
tearing down centuries-old Muslim shrines with a pick-axe.
At the
opening of his unprecedented war crimes trial before the International Criminal
Court (ICC), Ahmad al-Faqi al-Mahdi also urged other Muslims not to follow such
"evil" ways.
Mahdi, a
former teacher and Islamic scholar, is the first person to plead guilty before
the ICC and the first to face a lone charge for the war crime of directing an
attack on a historic or religious monument.
"I
plead guilty," Mahdi said, after being read the charge arising from the
2012 attack on the UNESCO world heritage site when a group of Islamist
jihadists swept across Mali's remote north.
Armed with
videos, graphics and 360 degree landscapes, ICC prosecutors minutely catalogued
before the three judges the destruction in the west African city, dubbed
"The Pearl of the Desert."
The first
of three prosecution witness also described the detailed methods, including
satellite imagery, used to investigate the destruction.
Aged about
40, Mahdi is also the first Islamist extremist to appear before the tribunal
launched in The Hague in 2002 to try the world's worst crimes, and the first
facing allegations stemming from the conflict in Mali.
He is
accused of "intentionally directing attacks" against nine of
Timbuktu's famous mausoleums as well as the Sidi Yahia mosque between June 30
and July 11, 2012.
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The
mausoleums of Timbuktu (AFP Photo/Alain BOMMENEL, Jean-Michel CORNU)
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City of
saints
Founded
between the fifth and the 12th centuries by Tuareg tribes, Timbuktu's very name
evokes centuries of history and has also been called "the city of 333
saints" for the number of Muslim sages buried there.
Revered as
a centre of Islamic learning during its golden age in the 15th and 16th
centuries and a designated UNESCO world heritage site, Timbuktu was considered
idolatrous by the jihadists.
Prosecutors
on Monday showed shocking images of jihadists smashing down the tombs, pushing
down earthen walls that had stood for hundreds of years and hacking at them
with pick-axes while their assault rifles lay nearby.
In one
video, Mahdi and others were seen ripping open the door of the Sidi Yahia
mosque, which had been kept closed for hundreds of years.
ICC
prosecutors allege Mahdi was a member of Ansar Dine, a mainly ethnic Tuareg
movement that in 2012 took control of Timbuktu, some 1,000 kilometres (600
miles) northeast of Bamako, along with Al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb (AQIM).
Mahdi, who
was then head of the "Hisbah" or the "Manners Brigade",
said he regretted the damage he had caused and was "really sorry".
"I
would like to seek the pardon of all the whole people of Timbuktu," he
said.
Transferred
to the ICC by Niger in 2015, Mahdi was seen as a ruthless jihadist enforcer,
fiercely imposing the strictest interpretation of Sharia law.
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Islamist
militants destroy an ancient shrine in Timbuktu in July 2012 (AFP Photo/)
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But vowing
that was all in the past, he sought to distance himself from the jihadists
describing their acts as "evil."
Dressed in
a Western suit with a blue-and-white striped tie instead of his earlier white
collarless shirt, he said he hoped "the years I will spend in prison will
be a source of purging the evil spirits that had overtaken me".
Mankind's
heritage
Amid scenes
of similar destruction in Iraq and Syria, the ICC prosecutors have said the
case is about much more than just stones and walls.
Such
"deliberate attacks on cultural property have become actual weapons of
war," ICC chief prosecutor Fatou Bensouda told the court.
"The
heritage of mankind was ransacked," she said, adding that the jihadists
"wanted to destroy these monuments and simply wipe them off the map".
The
judgement will follow later, but it was revealed that the defence and
prosecution have struck a deal under which Mahdi would not appeal a jail term
of between nine to 11 years.
The judges
warned however the court is not bound by the deal, and he could face up to 30
years imprisonment.
Critics
have also urged the court to investigate allegations of other crimes committed
during the Mali conflict, including rape and other sexual violence.