The
Egyptian police has continued to torture and beat people under President
Mohammed Morsi. Human rights activists now doubt that he has any interest in
reforming the police.
It is
well-known that Egyptian security forces do not wear kid-gloves when it comes
to dealing with regime critics. But even by Egyptian standards, the number of
reports of torture, humiliation, and other types of police violence has been
worryingly high in the past few weeks.
Egyptian
police methods have barely changed in the two years since the end of the
Mubarak regime. "That means that torture still happens in police stations,
that excessive violence is still used against demonstrators, and that
everything is decided according to a security mentality," said Farida
Makar of the Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies.
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| The police has not changed its methods at all since Morsi took over from Mubarak |
Hamada
Saber found out what that means in practise, when he was brutally beaten during
an anti-Morsi demonstration in front of the presidential palace. The
48-year-old was stripped beforehand, and subsequently dragged naked across
asphalt and bundled into a police van - and the entire scene was broadcast live
on TV. Makar says such incidents are not unusual. "Stripping and beating
someone and then dragging them into the next room was standard police interrogation
procedure under Mubarak," she said.
Terrifying
suspects into submission
The only
thing that was unique in Hamada Saber's case was that the abuse did not take
place in a police station, but was visible to anyone on the street. The episode
became horrifyingly absurd when the victim then appeared on TV to justify the
police's attack on him, absolving them of all blame. Makar has no doubt that
the authorities forced or bribed him into making the statement.
Makar added
that victims of police violence who sue the authorities are often pressured by
police. "Normally they just threaten to put you or your children in jail,
or to invent something - for example, that they will find drugs in your
car," she said. "They know how to scare someone so much that they
give up."
But Hamada
Saber is no isolated case. According to a report from Egyptian human rights
activists, some 200 demonstrators have been arrested since January 25, 2013.
Some of them were minors, but subjected to the same beatings and torture as adults.
In fact, poor, orphaned young people are often most vulnerable to police abuse.
One 14-year-old boy named Mahmud Abel, a bone cancer sufferer, was denied
chemotherapy while in prison, and was only released once his case came to the
media's attention.
![]() |
| Violence and abuse are part of everyday life for Egyptian policemen |
Everyday
violence
The
26-year-old Ibrahim also became a torture victim a year ago. He has his own
theory why the Egyptian police continually abuses human rights - the violence
originates in police training, where new recruits are brutally beaten and
humiliated by the higher ranks, and blind obedience to superiors is the rule.
This, according to Ibrahim, means that violence becomes legitimate and normal.
"When I was arrested, the man who tortured me had verses from the Koran as
ringtones on his cell phone," he said. "He did not feel that he is
doing anything wrong. They see it as part of their job."
That is why
reforming the police system and the Interior Ministry itself is so important,
he said - the police must be re-positioned as the protectors of the people. But
up until now, the police has regarded itself merely as the strong hand of the
ruling president. Though that is only true to an extent in Morsi's case, as the
police has spent the last few decades violently suppressing the Muslim
Brotherhood from which he emerged. Many senior Interior Ministry officials
therefore still oppose Morsi.
![]() |
| Morsi's policies suggest he has no interest in reforming the police |
Will to
reform?
But even if
the Muslim Brotherhood is able to get the Interior Ministry completely under
its control, Makar is under no illusion that they intend to reform it for the
good of the people.
Morsi's
policies so far have convinced her that the Muslim Brothers are not interested
in democracy. In November, he released a decree giving himself dictatorial
powers, while the constitution he drove through parliament curtails many civil
freedoms. Meanwhile, the new draft assembly law limits the freedom to
demonstrate, and the new bill for non-governmental organizations is even more
restrictive than under Mubarak. "I can't look at these developments and
then say, 'yes, but maybe they will reform the police so that it will better
protect the people.'"
Makar is
convinced that the Muslim Brotherhood is only interested in gaining control of
the police to use as an instrument with which to consolidate its own power.
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